The author, based on the literature on the subject and data from the most recent period, analyzes the influence of rural residents on political changes in Poland in the years 1918–2019. She distinguishes two types of political participation: contestation participation and legitimization participation. The first is a series of rural/peasant/farmer protests in the Second and Third Polish Republics and in the Polish People's Republic. Legitimization participation is analyzed only in the Second and Third Polish Republics; the period of the Polish People's Republic is omitted - due to the lack of reliable data. In this part, she analyzes two phenomena: voter turnout in parliamentary elections and the dynamics of the political orientations of rural residents. This analysis brings an ambivalent assessment of the influence of rural residents on the shape of the political order in Poland.