The study attempts to analyze structural changes in farms in individual partitions in the period from the beginning of the implementation of the processes of freeing peasants from serfdom and their enfranchisement to gaining independence. The analysis showed a close connection between the scale and dynamics of structural changes in farms and the time and method of implementing the enfranchisement reforms and the transformations in the farm environment resulting from the implemented socio-economic policy of the partitioning states. As a result, the scale of changes in farms in individual partitions was very diverse. In terms of the area structure, technical equipment, organization and management, the level of intensification of agricultural production and production results, the most favorable changes occurred in farms in the Prussian partition (primarily in Greater Poland and Pomerania), less favorably in the Kingdom of Poland and the least in the Austrian partition and in the lands of the former Russian partition incorporated into Russia.