With the establishment of a well-off society in an all-round way, Chinese residents have put forward higher requirements for the quality and safety of fresh agricultural products. In recent years, domestic and foreign academic circles have also paid more and more attention to the risk of fresh agricultural product supply chain. This article collects and sorts out the research findings of domestic and foreign scholars on the risk assessment of fresh agricultural product supply chain in recent years, and summarizes and discusses from three aspects: supply chain risk factors, risk assessment indicator selection, and risk assessment methods. It is intended to provide a reference for future new research ideas and research perspectives.