@article{Nxumalo:334034,
      recid = {334034},
      author = {Nxumalo, Hellen and Dube, Zakheleni Palane and Ganyani,  Lloyd and Mlombo, Nezelo and Timana, Moses and Mnyambo,  Nicholus Mxolisi},
      title = {Potential suppressive effects of Mexican poppy weed  residues on germination and early growth of maize and pearl  millet crops},
      journal = {African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and  Development},
      address = {2022},
      year = {2022},
      abstract = {Argemone ochroleuca allelochemical properties have been  reported but not empirically tested on economically  important staple cereal crops. Therefore, the objective of  this study was to determine the potential Allelopathic  effects of the alien weed’s residues on germination and  early-growth of maize (Zea mays L.) and Pearl millet  (Pennisertum glaucum). Allelopathic effects of A.  ochroleuca on maize and millet seed germination were tested  in a 2 (shoot and root) x 11 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60,  70, 80, 90 and 100g/L water) factorial treatment  arrangement in CRD in an incubator placed in a laboratory.  Whereas effects of the weed extracts on the same crops’  early-growth were tested in a 2 (shoot and roots) x 8 (0,  2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14g ground-powdered extracts)  factorial arrangement in RCBD under laboratory conditions.  Maize and millet germination percentage, germination speed,  mean germination time, mean daily germination, plumule and  radicle length were measured for germination test, whereas,  plant height, stem diameter, root and shoot mass were used  as indicators of A. ochroleuca suppression of early plant  growth. Relative to untreated control, concentration equal  to and greater than 10g/L aqueous extracts of A. ochroleuca  reduced millet and maize seed germination variables by  10–100% and 28–56%, respectively, while early-growth  variables were reduced by 66–100% and 4–37%, respectively.  Argemone ochroleuca shoot extracts were more suppressive  than root extracts on germination and early growth of the  two crops. In conclusion, A. ochroleuca Allelopathic  effects were concentration and plant-part dependent,  inhibitory effects increased with concentrations, with  extracts from shoots being more Allelopathic on measured  variables when compared to root extracts. As A. ochroleuca  continues to spread yearly without any control strategies  in place, a threat exist on maize and Pearl millet  production especially in communal farming areas where  improved management strategies are non- existent.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/334034},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.108.21455},
}