@article{Eickhout:331268,
      recid = {331268},
      author = {Eickhout, B. and Meijl, H. van and Tabeau, A. and Zeijts,  H. van},
      title = {Between Liberalization and Protection: Four Long-term  Scenarios for Trade, Poverty and the Environment},
      address = {2004},
      pages = {34},
      year = {2004},
      note = {Presented at the 7th Annual Conference on Global Economic  Analysis, Washington DC, USA},
      abstract = {The impact of globalization on poverty and the environment  was a central issue during the Doha development round table  and the mass demonstrations on the streets of Cancun. This  paper deals with the complex interaction between  agricultural trade regimes, poverty and the environment  given two key uncertainties. First, a world where Doha  succeeds and globalization proceeds versus a world that  moves to regionalism with a stronger orientation toward  bilateral and regional trade agreements. Secondly, a world  that focuses on economic incentives and economic growth and  a limited role for the government versus a world where  public and private institutions value also environment and  ecology. In our analyses we quantify the impact of trade  liberalization on developing countries and the environment.  We found that liberalization leads to economic benefits.  The benefits are modest in terms of GDP and unequally  distributed among countries. Developing countries gain  relatively the most. However, between 70 and 85 per cent of  the benefits for developing countries is the result of  their own reform policies in agriculture. South-South trade  liberalization is key to the “development” part of this  round. Liberalization can be helpful in gaining welfare;  however uncoordinated liberalization can lead to unbearable  pressures on the environment. In the liberalizing scenarios  most of these shifts occur, indicating that liberalization  should be performed with care. Trade liberalization will  necessary have environmental consequences, which might be  positive or negative for a region. What seems crucial is  that environmental and trade agreements and policies must  be sufficiently integrated or coordinated, to assure that  they work together to improve the environment and attain  the benefits of free trade.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/331268},
}