During 1963-69, growth in wages and salaries and other off-farm income improved average income levels of people with farm earnings and probably brought about more equal income distribution. Nevertheless, many of these people continued to report low incomes. More traditional farm programs may remain necessary in rural areas where the potential for growth in off-farm jobs is minimal. Neither present programs nor expanded off-farm opportunities offer a solution to income problems of the aged. Programs that expand earnings for people while they are working are needed to help prevent future income problems.