This study focuses on the role played by cooperatives in the oilseed complex. The flow of domestically produced oilseeds-soybeans, cottonseed, peanut, and sunflowerseed from the farm to the final domestic or foreign markets is described for both the cooperative system specifically and the oilseed industries as a whole. Oilseed production, crushing, transportation, marketing, final product manufacturing and selling, and exporting are examined. Industry structures and potential directions for improving cooperatives’ role in the oilseeds complex are considered.