@article{Bouma:312122,
      recid = {312122},
      author = {Bouma, John C. and Silverman, Richard H.},
      title = {Potential for Consolidated Delivery of Vendor Items to  Retail Food Stores   },
      address = {1982-07},
      number = {2393-2021-1818},
      series = {Marketing Research Report No. 1130},
      pages = {22},
      year = {1982},
      abstract = {Excerpts from the report:  The objective of this study was  to determine costs for the present direct store delivery  system (DSD) and to project costs for delivery of DSD items  from a consolidated distribution warehouse.  To achieve the  objective, two supermarkets were selected to cooperate in  the study.  Each market was surveyed for 1 week to obtain  the number of product items, cases, and vendor orders  received each day.  Arrival and departure time was obtained  for each vendor delivery as well as a description of  handling methods and equipment that each vendor used.   Store personnel time was measured for checking vendor  returns and deliveries and for processing invoices.  Costs  were developed for each activity on a per-case basis  counting a tray or basket of bakery product as a case.   Based on information obtained in the study and simulations  from standard data, a cost model for the consolidated  warehouse distribution of DSD items was developed.  This  cost model includes delivery cost from vendor plant to  consolidated warehouse; cost by warehouse function,  including occupancy, materials handling equipment, and  labor; delivery costs to the supermarket, including vehicle  and labor; in-store handling costs, including  price-marking, stocking, and handling returns; retail store  cost for checking the order and processing invoices, as  well as projected costs for ordering under the consolidated  warehousing system; and billing costs for vendor and  consolidated warehouse.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/312122},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.312122},
}