@article{Springborn:292016,
      recid = {292016},
      author = {Springborn, Michael and Costello, Christopher and  McAusland, Carol},
      title = {Policy and Risk Processes of Trade-Related Biological  Invasions},
      address = {2008-06},
      number = {2239-2019-2855},
      series = {Contractor and Cooperator Report No. 41},
      pages = {24},
      year = {2008},
      abstract = {This report summarizes the methodologies, results and  empirical insights of ERS-funded research on trade-related  nonindigenous species (NIS) introduction risk. Costello and  McAusland (2004) is the first attempt in the economics  literature to establish theoretical relationships between  trade, trade policy (in the form of tariffs), and  NISrelated damage, accounting for the dependence of  land-use decisions on tariff rates. McAusland and Costello  (2004), extending the policy choice set, characterize the  optimal mix of tariffs and inspections and show how the  balance depends on trading partner attributes, such as the  infection rate of shipments and the marginal NIS damage  level. The theory of trade-driven introductions is extended  in Costello et al. (2007), where novel trade and NIS  discovery data sets are used to gain an empirical  understanding of dynamic invasion risk. Results support the  hypothesis that cumulative introductions from some regions  are a concave function of cumulative trade. Overall, this  collection of research on trade-related NIS introductions  highlights the welfare and biological implications of both  broad and differentiated policy instruments, and the  challenge of empirically supporting the latter.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/292016},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.292016},
}