@article{Connor:28610,
      recid = {28610},
      author = {Connor, John M.},
      title = {Global Antitrust Prosecution of Modern International  Cartels},
      address = {2004},
      number = {1239-2016-101541},
      series = {Staff Paper 04-15},
      pages = {31},
      year = {2004},
      abstract = {International cartelists face investigations and possible  fines in a score of national and supranational  jurisdictions, but the three with the most consistent legal  responses to global cartels are the United States, Canada,  and the EU.  This paper examines the antitrust fines and  private penalties imposed on the participants of 167  international cartels discovered during 1990-2003.  While  more than US$ 10 billion in penalties has been imposed, it  is doubtful that such monetary sanctions can deter modern  international cartels.  The apparently large size of  government fines is distorted by one overwhelming case.  Moreover, deterrence is frustrated by the failure of  compensatory private suits to take hold outside of North  America and the near absence of fines in most Asian  jurisdictions.  Without significant increases in cartel  detection, in the levels of expected fines or civil  settlements, or expansion of the standing of buyers to seek  compensation, international price fixing will remain  rational business conduct.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/28610},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.28610},
}