@article{Laniran:285000,
      recid = {285000},
      author = {Laniran, Temitope Joseph},
      title = {Capital Flows Interactions in a Fragile State: Evidence  from Nigeria},
      journal = {African Journal of Economic Review},
      address = {2019-01},
      number = {2050-2019-691},
      year = {2019},
      abstract = {International transfers and foreign capital inflow remains  a significant source of capital to fragile state economies  and developing economies in general. These transfers  include but not limited to official development assistance  (ODA), remittances and foreign direct investment (FDI)  among others. The main objective of this study is to  empirically investigate the interactions between capital  flows (Remittances, FDI and ODA) in a fragile state using  the case of Nigeria. The study tests for the  complementarity or substitutability among these capital  flows with the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL)  estimation technique, using data over the period 1980 to  2015. The study found that remittances complement both FDI  and ODA. Also, the study found that FDI and ODA are  substitutes. However, after testing whether the level of  economic development affects the interactions of capital  flows, the study found that the complementarity and  substitution vanishes as level of economic development  progresses.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/285000},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.285000},
}