Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization construction is an important part of the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in a new era, which inherits and develops the ecological theory of Marxism and Sinicized Marxism based on the reality of the national conditions and the ecological wisdom rooted in traditional Chinese philosophy. In this paper, the basic connotation, significance, goals, requirements and realization ways of ecological civilization construction are expounded profoundly. This is of great significance to move toward a new era of socialist ecological civilization and promote the construction of beautiful China.