These proceedings are published by USDA’s Rural Development Admininstration-Cooperative Services at the request of the bargaining andmarketing cooperatives. This 38th National Bargaining Conference was combined with the Pacific Coast Bargaining Conference Dec. 2-4, 1993 at Portland, OR. Proceedings include speeches delivered at the conference and related information. Opinions expressed reflect views of participants. The proceedings should not be viewed as representing the policies of the United States Department of Agriculture. Use of commercial names does not constitute endorsement.