This study has examined the extent of diversification in the crop sector of Bangladesh using the Simpson Index of diversity. Results show that the extent of crop diversification has increased in the country slowly over time. Meanwhile, the value of specialization index in rice cultivation has slowly declined. The diversification in crop sector was accompanied by diversity in the pattern of consumption of the people. The extent of crop diversification was promoted mainly through a steady increase in the intensity of cropping. This can be further enhanced with the introduction of new production technologies for secondary crops. There is also a need to expand the horizon of appropriate processing techniques and value addition facilities for promoting the pace of diversification of consumption in the country.