@article{Jouana:276191,
      recid = {276191},
      author = {Jouana, Julia and Ridiera, Aude and Carof, Matthieu},
      title = {SYNERGY: a bio economic model assessing the economic and  environmental impacts of increased regional protein  self-sufficiency},
      address = {2018-09-02},
      number = {2133-2018-5422},
      month = {Sep},
      year = {2018},
      abstract = {The European Union (EU) relies on imports to meet the  protein requirements of livestock. The Common Agricultural  Policy aims at improving EU protein self-sufficiency by  developing the production of protein-rich crops such as  legumes. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impacts  of increased protein self-sufficiency through legume  development at the regional level. To do so, the SYNERGY  bio-economic model is set up. This model accounts for (i)  different scales, (ii) different types of farm, (iii)  different pedological and climatic conditions and (iv)  possible exchanges of organic fertilizers and crops between  farms. It analyzes both economic and environmental impacts,  in terms of revenues and use of nitrogen. The main  assumption is that the complementarity between specialized  crop farms and livestock farms can increase protein  self-sufficiency while having positive economic and  environmental impacts at the regional level. The results  show that protein self-sufficiency can be slightly enhanced  thanks to exchanges between farms, as long as locally  purchased crops are at least 10% cheaper than world  purchased ones. This price differential can represent the  saving in terms of transport and transaction costs. When  local exchanges are possible and a GMO-free certification  is set up, legume-based rations are dominant in livestock  farms, and the protein self-sufficiency is even more  enhanced. In both situations, the economic consequences are  positive as incomes increase at the regional level.  However, the impacts in term of nitrogen management are  more reserved.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/276191},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.276191},
}