This article highlights examples of innovative approaches in regional water problem-solving contained in tribal settlements, providing readers with a sense of the possibilities that tribal participation brings to western water management. Many tribal settlements use economic incentives in ways useful to consider in a broader water management context. The article highlights economic components of several specific settlements and concludes by summarizing ways in the economic principles and incentives they illustrate can be more broadly applied in addressing water challenges. Figure 1 lists the tribal nations that are referred to in this article and shows the area where these tribes’ reservations are located.