This paper aims to explore the pH, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indices regarding Xinli River water in Binzhou City. The results show that the pH of the water quality index is between 7.3 and 7.8, slightly alkaline; the COD content of Xinli River is about 140-163 mg/L, and the COD pollution is serious in some water sections; the ammonia nitrogen content of Xinli River is 0.2-2.17 mg/L, the total nitrogen content is about 0.799-1.3 mg/L, the total phosphorus content is about 0.54-0.92 mg/L, suggesting that the water eutrophication is very serious. Due to the large amount of domestic sewage discharged into Xinli River without treatment, slow circulation of river water and other factors, the eutrophication is serious in the urban watercourse.