In order to find out changes in the main fertility indicators of continuous cropping tobacco fields in Henan Province with years of continuous cropping, 5 typical tobacco fields (Jia County, Zhaoling District, Fangcheng County, Xiangcheng County, and Song County) were studied. Indicators in question included activity of main enzymes (sucrase, urease, catalase, and acid phosphatase), pH value, organic matters, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. Results indicate that in most tobacco fields, the activity of sucrase and urease increased in two years of continuous cropping, later, it showed a declining trend with increase in years of continuous cropping; in some fields, it directly declined with increase in years of continuous cropping; the activity of catalase increased in two years of continuous cropping, later, it showed a declining trend with increase in years of continuous cropping, and it became stable after three years of continuous cropping; generally, the activity of acid phosphatase declined with increase in the years of continuous cropping within 3 years continuous cropping, later, it became stable. Except Fangcheng County, the soil pH value of other districts (counties) generally declined with increase in years of continuous cropping, and it was in the range of 5.6-6.8. With the increase in continuous cropping, the soil organic matters (SOM) in tobacco fields of Jia County and Song County declined, changes of SOM in tobacco fields of Fangcheng County and Xiangcheng County were not obvious, and SOM showed the trend of first decline then rise in Zhaoling District. In most tobacco fields (Jia County, Xiangcheng County, and Song County), the total nitrogen showed a declining trend; in Zhaoling District, it showed a trend of first decline then rise; in Fangcheng County, it showed a rising trend. The available phosphorus firstly slightly declined then rose in tobacco fields of Zhaoling District and Song County; it showed a trend of first rise then decline in Jia County; there were no obvious changes in Fangcheng County and Xiangcheng County. Changes in the available potassium were different in tobacco fields. In sum, there are certain rules for changes in soil enzyme activity and nutrient content in tobacco fields in Henan Province, but changes are not completely the same. It is concluded that the site conditions and farming activities exert certain a certain influence on soil enzyme activity, pH value, organic matters, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content. Therefore, to solve obstacles in continuous cropping of tobacco fields, different regions should take different measures.