@article{Alamo:256521,
      recid = {256521},
      author = {Alamo, Carmen I. and Palacios, Jamille},
      title = {Relevant Invasive Species for the Agricultural Sector in  Puerto Rico: Identification of the Probable Economic Impact  },
      address = {2004-07-19},
      number = {1869-2017-398},
      pages = {13},
      year = {2004},
      abstract = {The Agricultural Sector in Puerto Rico from 1998 to 2002  reported an annual mean Gross Agricultural Income (GAI) at  farm level of $718.9 million. During this six-year period  the livestock and crop commodities generated a mean gross  income of $390.1 and $231.0 million, respectively. Dairy  production was the most important commodity; it generated  an annual mean gross income of $193.7 million, 26.9% of the  total GAI. The principal crops and their mean gross income  in millions were: plantain, $48.6; coffee, $38.4;  ornamentals, $33.5; bananas, $13.3; and mango, $12.8.  Besides their economic contribution, coffee, plantain, and  bananas have a social and environmental importance because  the production areas are located mostly in the central  mountain region in Puerto Rico. The agricultural sector is  the major source of income and employment in the central  mountain area. In this area rise the rivers and lakes  utilized as water sources for human and agricultural  consumption. The established invasive species, or the ones  with establishment potential, that could impact  economically the principal agricultural commodities were  identified. The invasive species at a pre-entry level  identified for the crop commodities are coffee berry borer  (Hypothenemus hampei); black sigatoka for plantain and  banana (Mycosphaerella fijiensis); and the mango seed  weevil (Sternochetus mangiferae). The established invasive  species identified for dairy production are the Johnei  Disease causal agent (Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis)  and the parasite tick (Boophilus microplus). This study  will emphasize the crop invasive species. The economic  impact of the invasive species on the agricultural sector  was classified as direct impact to the commodity, the  market, and the trade; as indirect impact on the  environment, health, and other economic sectors.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/256521},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.256521},
}