By establishing the theoretical model of "strategic network cooperation—relational capability—operating performance" and structural equation, we conduct a sampling survey on 208 agricultural enterprises, and use Spss21.0 and Amos21.0 for empirical analysis of influence of three factors in strategic network cooperation (market futurity, trusting relationship and business networks) on market relational capability and operating performance of agricultural enterprises. The results show that the establishment of trusting relationship and business networks in strategic networks has a positive impact on the operating performance of agricultural enterprises, and relational capability plays a fully mediating role while relational capability has not mediating effect on market futurity. This study provides a meaningful reference for the follow-up studies on relational capability and operating performance of agricultural enterprises, to further enhance the operating performance of agricultural enterprises and effectively improve farmers' income.