The sharp increase of the prices of mineral fertilizers in 2010-2013 caused  in most of farms necessity bears of higher expenses of mineral fertilizers in order to safe at least steadily level of application mineral fertilizers to plants. Most of them in this period increased costs of mineral fertilizers but part of farms that costs reduced. The aim of the study was to analyze production potential, costs of production, effectiveness and rate of  investment two statistically different groups of farms specializing in field crops according to demand of  mineral fertilizers, that in 2010-2013 led accountancy according to the Polish FADN. It was found that farms that in this period increased costs of mineral fertilizers are characterized by a lower the amount of labour per farm and per 1 ha utilized agriculture area (UAA), had a larger area of UAA and a better economic situation.