The study highlighted problems associated with the establishment of plantations of energy crops, the biomass of which is earmarked for energy purposes. Many experts share the view that organisation of the source of raw materials promotes the development of scattered local energy centres. However, the important question is whether or not it is reasonable to produce biomass from agricultural raw materials and stimulate the development of this sector. It appears that the question may be answered through the determination of appropriate relationships between self-sufficiency and food security on the one hand, and the need for supporting the energy security and climate change mitigation on the other hand. The aim of the study was to identify conditioning of organisation of the source of raw materials intended for the production of energy from biomass at the local level. Opinions on this issue were obtained in 2014 through telephone interviews carried out with 66 farm owners who declared that they cultivated crops intended for energy purposes in Warmińsko-Mazurskie province.