@article{Merfield:230390,
      recid = {230390},
      author = {Merfield, Charles and Moller, Henrik and Manhire, Jon and  Rosin, Chris and Norton, Solis and Carey, Peter and Hunt,  Lesley and Reid, John and Fairweather, John and Benge,  Jayson and Quellec, Isabelle Le and Campbell, Hugh and  Lucock, David and Saunders, Caroline and MacLeod, Catriona  and Barber, Andrew and McCarthy, Alaric},
      title = {Are Organic Standards Sufficient to Ensure Sustainable  Agriculture? Lessons From New Zealand’s ARGOS and  Sustainability Dashboard Projects},
      journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Research},
      address = {2015},
      number = {526-2016-37943},
      year = {2015},
      abstract = {Our review concludes that organic standards need to  account for a broader set of criteria in order to retain  claims to ‘sustainability’. Measurements of the ecological,  economic and social outcomes from over 96 kiwifruit,  sheep/beef and dairy farms in New Zealand between 2004 and  2012 by The Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability  (ARGOS) project showed some enhanced ecosystem services  from organic agriculture that will assist a “land-sharing”  approach for sustainable land management. However, the  efficiency of provisioning services is reduced in organic  systems and this potentially undermines a “land-sparing”  strategy to secure food security and ecosystem services.  Other aspects of the farm operation that are not considered  in the organic standards sometimes had just as much or even  a greater effect on ecosystem services than restriction of  chemical inputs and synthetic fertilisers. An organic  farming version of the New Zealand Sustainability Dashboard  will integrate organic standards and wider agricultural  best practice into a broad and multidimensional  sustainability assessment framework and package of learning  tools. There is huge variation in performance of farms  within a given farming system. Therefore improving  ecosystem services depends as much on locally tuned  learning and adjustments of farm practice on individual  farms as on uptake of organic or Integrated Management  farming system protocols.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/230390},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.230390},
}