@article{Yu:207080,
      recid = {207080},
      author = {Yu, Edward T. and Fu, Joshua S. and Larson, James A. and  English, Burton C. and De La Torre Ugarte, Daniel and  Wilson, Bradly and Yun, Jeongran and Gao, Yuan and  Calcagno, Jimmy},
      title = {The Transportation Emission Impact of the Biomass  Feedstock Traffic of A Potential Commercial-Scale  Biorefinery in East Tennessee},
      address = {2012-03},
      number = {1431-2016-118778},
      pages = {12},
      year = {2012},
      abstract = {The logistics required to supply biomass feedstock a  refinery is crucial to the development of the cellulosic  biofuel industry because of the importance of the quality  and quantity and bulky nature associated with cellulosic  feedstock to the biofuel conversion process. In addition,  the potential social and environmental impact of biomass  feedstock transportation has also received increasing  attention due to the expansion of truck traffic on the  current road system. This study applies a spatial-oriented  mixed-integer mathematical programming model linked to a  GIS resource model to generate a least cost solution of a  typical feedstock harvest and logistic system for a  potential biorefinery with the capacity of 50 million  gallons per year. Moreover, U.S. EPA’s MOVES2010a was used  to estimate the baseline emissions for 2010 with national  scale option in study region and additional emissions  generated from hauling those feedstock with project scale  option. Results showed that the transportation cost  accounted for nearly one-quarter of total plant gate costs  of the large round bales. Also, it was estimated that the  biorefinery received about 50,000 truckloads per year,  hence creating annually 100,000 truck trips (or 274 truck  trips per day) on the road linking the entrance of the  biorefinery to the supply regions. The overall VMT increase  resulting from additional feedstock truck traffics was 3.7  million miles and the emissions of NOX, CO2, PM10, and  PM2.5 emissions increased by 0.32%, 0.13%, 0.60%, and  0.71%, respectively, in these 13 counties studied when  comparing with the overall baseline emissions.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/207080},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.207080},
}