The paper presents the results of enterprises innovation research with particular attention to the food industry. The literature review associated with the innovation evolution concept was made. The research results indicate a low level of innovation among enterprises producing foodstuffs. Only 12.4% of companies have implemented any innovation in 2010-2012. Also innovation at the macro level is not satisfactory. On the basis of the innovation synthetic indicator, Poland is on the fourth place from the end among the EU countries and Poland was in the moderate innovators group.