The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the studied factors on the process of technical modernization of holdings in a statistical approach. In 2004-2009 we studied 70 holdings from the Biłgoraj region which benefited from EU subsidies for technical modernization. The evaluation of the relationship between variables was based on Pearson’s correlation coefficients. We analysed the flow of energy expenditure and the amount of subsidies on economic efficiency and the technical modernization of holdings. The results were subjected to analysis of variance to determine the significance of differences of the mean values for the adopted criteria for the categorisation of holdings. The resulting correlation coefficients between selected variables indicate that agricultural technology is not a factor significantly associated with the effects of management : production of goods or the net income of the business. The statistical evaluation shows a high and significant correlation coefficient for the replacement value of means of mechanization and the installed power, and a weaker link between input (kWh ha -1 UR) at a high, although negative, relationship between the cost of mechanization and the size of arable area of a holding.