County-level town is important space carrier of China’s urbanization and the emphasis and key of strategic distribution for urbanization. Backwardness of county-level towns limits nearby transfer of surplus labor. To promote development of county-level towns, on the basis of classifying county-level towns, this paper analyzed motive and resistance factors of evolution of different county-level towns using historical data collection and statistical method, comparative approach, typical case study method, and studied development path for different county-level towns. From analysis, it reached the conclusion that industry exerts the most direct and fundamental influence on development of county-level towns, while the industrial development in county-level towns must base on their actual conditions. The county-level towns are not isolated, and their development should be established within the framework of national policy environment and superior and subordinate town system.