The article presents an resource approach to the process of building the competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is to determine the potential of agricultural production cooperatives (APCs) in review of resources. The exemplification is constituted by the APCs operating in the Opole region, among which the research was conducted using a survey method. The study focused on the period 2008-2010 and included 28 cooperatives. The characterization and analysis of resources of studied cooperatives allowed to extract resources that are strengths or weaknesses in the context of building a competitive advantage.