@article{Lucas:199327,
      recid = {199327},
      author = {Lucas, Marilou P. and Pabuayon, Isabelita M.},
      title = {Risk Perceptions, Attitudes, and Influential Factors of  Rainfed Lowland Rice Farmers  in Ilocos Norte, Philippines},
      journal = {Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development},
      address = {2011-12},
      number = {1362-2016-107714},
      pages = {17},
      year = {2011},
      abstract = {This study analyzes the risk perceptions and risk  attitudes of farmers practicing different rice-based  cropping patterns in the rainfed lowland ecosystems of  Ilocos Norte, Philippines. The Likert scale and  Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to assess the farmers’  risk perceptions while the experimental method was applied  to determine the farmers’ risk attitudes (i.e., risk  averse, risk neutral, or risk taker). Regression analysis  highlights the significant factors affecting perceptions  and attitudes.
Resource-endowed and resource-poor farmers  generally perceived various risk sources as moderately low  regardless of crops planted. However, on the average,  resource-poor farmers were more likely to consider farming  as not risky possibly because they had little to lose or  gain compared to their resource-endowed counterparts. By  source of risk, both farmer groups perceived that farming  is relatively risky considering the increasing price of  fertilizer and environmental factors (e.g., weather), which  are beyond their control. By crop, the farmers considered  rice and corn as relatively risky compared to other crops.  The major crops are rice during the wet season and corn in  the dry season.
High fertilizer costs and erratic climatic  conditions usually burden the farmers during the wet  season. Similarly, corn output is badly affected by adverse  weather circumstances. Farm size and wealth are the  variables that affect the farmers’ risk perceptions. The  farmers in Ilocos Norte were found to be generally risk  averse. Wealth, age, and availability of credit are  important determinants of the farmers’ risk attitudes, but  their impacts vary across cropping patterns.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/199327},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.199327},
}