@article{Clemens:18712,
      recid = {18712},
      author = {Clemens, Roxanne and Babcock, Bruce A.},
      title = {WHY CAN'T U.S. BEEF COMPETE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION?},
      address = {2002},
      number = {1044-2016-85368},
      series = {MATRIC Briefing Paper 02-MBP 4},
      pages = {29},
      year = {2002},
      abstract = {The stringent guidelines for producing, harvesting, and  shipping certified non-hormone treated beef for the  European Union create additional costs that greatly reduce  the competitiveness of U.S. beef. What had once been a  large market for beef variety meats and then a niche market  for non-treated beef has all but vanished because the E.U.  hormone ban and regulations for producing and certifying  non-treated beef have made U.S. product too expensive to  export. Some producers continue to obtain U.S. Department  of Agriculture certification for their non-hormone treated  beef, but most are selling their fully traceable, certified  cattle into the domestic natural beef market at no  additional premium compared with cattle verified as  non-treated via a producer-signed affidavit. As an  international trade issue, the beef hormone ban (and U.S.  retaliation) continues to play a role in policy decisions  and trade negotiations. As more countries negotiate  accession to the European Union, for example, the United  States stands to lose additional trade potential. In  addition, although retaliation appears to be blocking trade  at about the appropriate level, some E.U. countries may  actually be benefiting from the retaliatory duties applied  to some agricultural products based on country of origin.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18712},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.18712},
}