@article{Snodgrass:183518,
      recid = {183518},
      author = {Snodgrass, M M},
      title = {Private and Social Considerations in the Design and  Appraisal of Development Projects and Related Agricultural  Policies: The Case of Wheat in Zambia},
      address = {1990},
      number = {995-2016-77810},
      pages = {9},
      year = {1990},
      abstract = {National planning for economic development has become an  institutionalized process
in most lesser developed nations  of the world. A national plan is comprised of a set  of
development projects which individually and collectively  are designed to contribute to
achieving certain economic  and social goals for the nation. Ideally, governments  should have
.a complementary set of price and trade  policies that would enhance the success rate of
development  projects.
It is now common practice to design and appraise  development projects through a
rigorous process including  ·(at a minimum) technical, financial, social, economic,  and
environmental analyses. Price and trade policies are  usually taken as given when appraising
development  projects. These policies directly affect net financial  profitability (NFP) for
farmers as development project  participants. For example, policies that result in  subsidized
input prices and/or output prices above import  parity enhance private participant net  financial
profitability, but do not affect the net social  profitability (NSP) of the project. Policies
relating to  exchange rates do affect NSP. Both private and social  considerations must be
carefully assessed at the project  design and appraisal stages since exchange rates,  import
parity prices, and government-administered prices  are subject to change.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/183518},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.183518},
}