Since the end of the 70s, the demographic development of the rural dominant areas has no longer been negative and this favourable development emphasized during the last 30 years. It is due to a positive balance of migrants, which fully compensates for the natural deficit of these areas. Conversely, a natural positive balance allows the urban hubs to preserve a positive demographic evolution, while departures from these areas are higher than arrivals. In rural areas, the natural deficit, associated to non random crossed migrant flows (departures of skilled young people and arrivals of retired people) leads to an overrepresentation of workers and old people.