@article{Petrick:158730,
      recid = {158730},
      author = {Petrick, Martin and Wandel, Jürgen and Karsten, Katharina},
      title = {Farm restructuring and agricultural recovery in  Kazakhstan's grain region: An update},
      address = {2011},
      number = {918-2016-72725},
      series = {IAMO Discussion Paper},
      pages = {73},
      year = {2011},
      abstract = {Against the rising global concern of how to achieve  sustainable output expansion in food, we document the main  outcomes of post-Soviet agricultural recovery and  restructuring in the Kazakhstan grain region. Together with  an expansion of cropland area and increasing capital input,  real agricultural value added has almost doubled within the  recent decade. Privatisation legislation has allowed  private ownership of land. However, access to state land  and capital continues to be strongly regulated, and private  lenders even turn away from agriculture. There are now  three dominant groups of agricultural producers in the  region: large agricultural enterprises and smaller  individual farms mostly engaged in grain, and tiny  household economies focusing on vegetable and live-stock.  While agricultural enterprises have been growing more  persistently than individual farms in recent years, average  land productivity of both farm types is practically  identical and wheat yields are even higher in individual  farms. Both vertically and horizontally integrated  agroholdings have emerged among the agricultural  enterprises and have brought outside investment and  management to the region. With stable employment in  agriculture, nominal consumption spending of rural  households has tripled over the last decade and has risen  much faster than the costs of living. While North  Kazakhstan looks much like a success story, constrained  factor markets are likely to dampen further growth. The  Kazakh government should improve the legal conditions for a  functioning land rental market, avoid driving commercial  lenders out of the market, and make sure that future access  to qualified labour in agriculture is warranted.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/158730},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.158730},
}