The main problem of agricultural land protection in China is the single farmland protection mode insuring arable land area only by issuing indicators, which brings great pressure to farmland’s production and service function. Through establishing the corresponding relationship between food structure and some land use types, this paper points out that there is asymmetry between farmland area and per capita food consumption structure in China in recent years. Based on the above study, the paper proposes four types for agricultural land production, namely subsistence, fairly well-off, ecological and discrete type. Finally, it concludes that establishing rational type for agricultural land protection and implementing diverse farmland protection modes is the trend of farmland protection in China in the future.