000125025 001__ 125025 000125025 005__ 20250401105121.0 000125025 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.22004/ag.econ.125025 000125025 037__ $$a1007-2016-79617 000125025 041__ $$aeng 000125025 084__ $$aF13 000125025 084__ $$aF14 000125025 084__ $$aQ17 000125025 245__ $$aNontariff Barriers as Bridge to Cross 000125025 260__ $$c2011-01 000125025 269__ $$a2011-01 000125025 270__ $$mmunasib@okstate.edu$$pMunasib, Abdul 000125025 270__ $$md.roy@cgiar.org$$pRoy, Devesh 000125025 300__ $$a37 000125025 336__ $$aConference Paper/ Presentation 000125025 520__ $$aImporting country standards emerge as an effective trade barrier when they exceed those of the exporting country’s domestic market. We introduce a new concept: bridge to cross (BTC), the regulatory gap between the exporting and importing countries. Importer regulations cannot be identified in a gravity model when multilateral resistance is correctly accounted for with exporter-time and importer-time fixed-effects. BTC, however, can be identified because it varies over time and by trading pair. As an application we apply the method to an SPS regulation regarding Aflatoxin contamination in maize. We find that the effect of BTC is higher for poorer countries. 000125025 546__ $$aEnglish 000125025 650__ $$aAgricultural and Food Policy 000125025 650__ $$aFood Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety 000125025 650__ $$aHealth Economics and Policy 000125025 650__ $$aInternational Development 000125025 650__ $$aInternational Relations/Trade 000125025 650__ $$aResearch Methods/Statistical Methods 000125025 6531_ $$aNontariff barrier 000125025 6531_ $$asanitary and phytosanitary standards (SPS) 000125025 6531_ $$agravity model 000125025 6531_ $$amultilateral resistance 000125025 6531_ $$abridge to cross 000125025 700__ $$aMunasib, Abdul B.A. 000125025 700__ $$aRoy, Devesh 000125025 773__ $$d2012 000125025 8564_ $$9e55afe80-c477-41db-9240-3b4cc854bf1b$$s256720$$uhttps://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/125025/files/BridgeToCross_MunasibRoy2012_IAAE.pdf 000125025 887__ $$ahttp://purl.umn.edu/125025 000125025 909CO $$ooai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:125025$$pGLOBAL_SET 000125025 912__ $$nSubmitted by Abdul Munasib (munasib@okstate.edu) on 2012-06-07T18:14:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BridgeToCross_MunasibRoy2012_IAAE.pdf: 256720 bytes, checksum: f89e5d63b30c054e45443516896716ee (MD5) 000125025 912__ $$nMade available in DSpace on 2012-06-07T18:14:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BridgeToCross_MunasibRoy2012_IAAE.pdf: 256720 bytes, checksum: f89e5d63b30c054e45443516896716ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01 000125025 913__ $$aLicense granted by Abdul Munasib (munasib@okstate.edu) on 2012-06-07T18:08:05Z (GMT): <center> <h2> Deposit Agreement </h2> </center> I represent that I am the creator of the digital material identified herein (&ldquo;Work&rdquo;). I represent that the work is original and that I either own all rights of copyright or have the right to deposit the copy in a digital archive such as AgEcon Search. I represent that in regard to any non-original material included in the Work I have secured written permission of the copyright owner (s) for this use or believe this use is allowed by law. I further represent that I have included all appropriate credits and attributions. I hereby grant the Regents of the University of Minnesota (&ldquo;University&rdquo;), through AgEcon Search, a non-exclusive right to access, reproduce, and distribute the Work, in whole or in part, for the purposes of security, preservation, and perpetual access. I grant the University a limited, non-exclusive right to make derivative works for the purpose of migrating the Work to other media or formats in order to preserve access to the Work. I do not transfer or intend to transfer any right of copyright or other intellectual property to the University. If the Deposit Agreement is executed by the Author�s Representative, the Representative shall separately execute the following representation: I represent that I am authorized by the Author to execute this Deposit Agreement on behalf of the Author. 000125025 980__ $$a1007 000125025 982__ $$gInternational Association of Agricultural Economists>2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil