@article{Sarah:123537,
      recid = {123537},
      author = {Sarah, Kersting and Meike, Wollni},
      title = {New institutional arrangements and standard adoption:  Evidence from small-scale fruit and vegetable farmers in  Thailand},
      address = {2012-05},
      number = {1007-2016-79574},
      pages = {39},
      year = {2012},
      abstract = {This paper presents an analysis of GlobalGAP adoption by  small-scale fruit and vegetable farmers in Thailand  focusing on GlobalGAP group certification, the costs and  perceived benefits of GlobalGAP adoption, and the factors  influencing standard adoption. GlobalGAP is the most  important private standard for producers in the Thai  horticultural sector concerning access to high-value  markets, especially to Europe. We find that support by  donors, exporters and public-private partnerships is vital  to enable small-scale farmers to adopt the standard.  GlobalGAP group certification encourages the formation of  new institutional arrangements between farmers, exporters  and donors. In our sample only participants from a  development program were successful in adopting GlobalGAP  and within the program farmers were either organized in  certification groups where the Quality Management System  (QMS) was run by farmers themselves, by an exporter or by a  donor. The results of the adoption analysis suggest that  household characteristics (age, education, wealth,  availability of family labor), farm characteristics (farm  size, intensity of irrigation use), the number of  agricultural trainings subjects attended, prior involvement  in high-value supply chains, as well as exporter and donor  support in terms of costs of compliance, technical advice  and management of the QMS influence GlobalGAP adoption.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/123537},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.123537},
}