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Abstract
Land property, in the post socialist countries, was rebuilt in the beginning of the 90’s. The
process went in different way in Poland and in Hungary. The different initial conditions are
resulted in different development in the agricultural economy of these two countries. Now the
agriculture had different characteristics. Despite of the fact that there are different elements of
ownership structures, the importance of farm land leases is increasing in both evaluated
countries. Regarding to the competitiveness of agriculture, Poland showed a developing
tendency after the accession, but Hungary suffers from serious problems.
The aims and means of agricultural policy have gone through numerous changes throughout
the last fifty years in the history of the European Union and its predecessors. Specialties
deriving from the characteristics of agricultural production and its structure have come
continuously in the foreground when shaping the aims and means of the policy. The
sustainable usage of natural resources is of augmented importance, which is basically based
on the limitation of land usage and the introduction of various incentives. The (Axis 2)
measures serve this objective by enhancing the utilization and protection of arable land. The
land use is affected by all the above.