Watershed degradation is a major environmental concern in the steeply sloping uplands of the Philippines. Land use in these upland regions is dynamic and there is growing interest in how livelihood strategies bring about land-use change in the uplands, with impacts on other resource users elsewhere in the watershed. The Landcare Program has helped develop conservation farming practices that both mitigate against the degradation process and have a positive impact on farm livelihoods. This paper explores the dynamics of landuse change in upland watersheds in Bohol Province as a basis for evaluating the economic impacts of the Landcare Program.