@article{Rubbelke:102569,
      recid = {102569},
      author = {Rubbelke, Dirk T.G. and Weiss, Pia},
      title = {Environmental Regulations, Market Structure and  Technological Progress in Renewable Energy Technology — A  Panel Data Study on Wind Turbines},
      address = {2011-04},
      number = {838-2016-55728},
      series = {SD},
      pages = {24},
      year = {2011},
      abstract = {We study the impact of environmental regulations on the  patent activities for wind turbines between 1980 and 2008.  We explicitly control for energy market liberalisation and  take a potential interaction between liberalisation and  policy instruments into account. We find a strong and  highly significant effect of environmental tax revenues,  which we regard as a proxy for the extent to which energy  prices changed in favour of renewable energies, as well as  foreign demand for wind turbines on innovation activities.  In addition, we find that price-based policy instruments  are more effective in fostering innovations in the wind  turbine technology when energy markets are fully open to  competition. In contrast, non-price-based policy  instruments such as grants or low interest rate loans are  largely independent from whether or not energy markets are  liberalised.},
      url = {http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/102569},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.102569},
}