Based on the definition of the concept of city growth, the paper mainly discussed the factors which impact the growth of Chinese cities in the transitional period by selecting the proportion of city construction land area to the area of the city X1（%）, green coverage ratio of the built up area X2（%）, the ratio of personnel involved in the secondary industryX3（%）, the GDP per capita X4（×104）and other 43 indicators, by relying on the relevant data from China Urban Statistical Yearbook（2008）, by applying SPSS statistical software and by applying the Factor Analysis and Regression Analysis. The results show that the factors which affect the city growth have four major groups, namely economic and institutional factors, location factors, environmental factors and social cultural services and functions. Among the factors which affect Chinese city growth, the general budgetary expenditures and the general budgetary revenues of local public finance are the most important factors. The general budgetary expenditures of local finance, the general budgetary revenues, the lands of urban construction and other 12 factors obtained by gradually excluding method can be used to present the coefficient of city growth.