This article focuses on one of the themes developed in the Project leader between Fluminense Federal University - UFF (Rio de Janeiro State) and Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG (Minas Gerais State) sponsored by CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel). The research is developed in Earth and Society Nucleus - Study Group on Agrarian Geography, Familiar Agriculture and Peasant Culture and the Laboratory of Agrarian Geography and Agriculture Family, linked to the Graduate Program in Geography and the Department of Geography of UFMG and the Research Center for Agricultural-Environmental of the Graduate Program in Geography of UFF. The main project is related with "Family agriculture, environmental sustainability and territoriality in the Amazon". In this paper the proposal is to discuss one part of the global research: “territoriality of the agroecological and conventional systems in family farming in Rondônia - the Amazon forest. This study will present a brief discussion about the qualitative contribution of agroecological systems for the family farmers in the state of Rondônia and their effects on regional-local sustainable development. In the conventional agricultural method it will be presented the evidence of degradation of the environment in some figures. The focus of this paper is on a reinterpretation of family farmers that practice an agro-ecologic agriculture and others in this area. Intend to debate where the agroecological families are located in this territory if has or not a territory of agroecology, how they can survive using this type of agriculture and to show the importance of the commercialization (especially in the trade fair) of this production as a source of economic resources for this families.