The paper focuses on the competitiveness as a driving force of market economy. The analyses of the results of foreign trade in agricultural and food products confirm that Polish agro-food sector is well prepared for operation on the Common European Market. Food producers have taken advantage of their competitive edge, mainly in terms of pricing. Nevertheless, consumers form other EU countries also accept quality features of Polish food. However, in order to maintain their position on the Common European Market, Polish producers should attach even greater attention to the promotion of their products.