We quantitatively analyze the relationship between the industrial structure and economic growth in Guangdong Province of China from 1980 to 2006 by impulse response function and variance decomposition on the basis of the establishment of VAR model. Result shows that there is a long-term, stable and balanced relationship between the industrial structure and the actual economic growth in Guangdong Province with a reverse amendment mechanism. The industrial structure has a significant influence on the economic growth of Guangdong Province, but there is a certain lag phase of this influence. Economic growth has dependence on the industrial structure, which is showed by the structure of production value.