Economic efficiency has become more visible in national forest plans because of new planning regulations implemented by the Reagan administration. This paper investigates economic efficiency analyses and whether such information influences U.S. Forest Service decisions. The findings indicate that there are substantial errors in estimates of the net present value of wilderness and that there is no association between the sign of net present value and decision makers' recommendations about wilderness designation. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that an economic efficiency information requirement will not insure its use in decision making unless the incentives facing managers change.