'Constraints on Private Conservation of Biodiversity' was released on 18 July 2001. Conserving biodiversity is essential to maintain ecosystems to support life. It is also important for a range of economic, social and cultural reasons. However, biodiversity is under threat from a range of sources - some localised, others more pervasive. The paper identifies and examines constraints which inhibit the role of the private sector in biodiversity conservation. It reviews some key institutional constraints to private conservation of biodiversity where it is the primary landuse activity.