Tibetan sheep is a unique breed of livestock in Alpine pastoral areas, which is one of the main economic pillars of animal husbandry in pastoral areas, in order to analyze and compare the estimated the economic and ecological benefits of Tibetan sheep under different feeding modes, this paper used a simplified model from multiple angles of animal production, economics and Ecology, The results show that: (i) Under the traditional grazing condition, the annual income of raising one ewe is only 23.4 yuan; (ii) Under the high-efficiency breeding mode, the average income of ewes bred by high-efficiency technology was 168 yuan/(head•year), which was 7 times higher than that of ewes under traditional grazing; each lamb could produce an indirect economic benefit of 500 yuan; (iii) The ecosystem service value affected by each Tibetan sheep through grassland was above 150 000 yuan.