Knowledge and innovation have had the biggest significance in development since the very beginnings of human civilization. However, globalisation and technological revolution in the last few decades have made knowledge a key factor of macro competitiveness and economic growth in certain countries. Both developed and developing countries tend to raise the level of their own readiness for development of knowledge economy to the greatest possible extent. Putting knowledge in the center of economic processes, economy is being transformed to knowledge economy. Assesing countries’ readiness to develop knowledge-based economy is significant due to the fact that results will be the basis for defining development policy and a necessary element of its implementation at different levels of economic structure of society.