This paper deals with current issues of the most important determinants of competitiveness of fruit production in Slovakia. The economic analysis of Slovak fruit growing was based on the yield per hectare, the production systems, the costs, and the targets of performance.Total production of selected kinds of fruit was analyzed in detail, and the yields per hectare were compared with those of the EU producers. The analysis of the real costs of each type of fruit was done with the aim to find the most profitable fruit. Considerable attention was paid to the competitiveness of Slovak fruit within the EU. To ensure competitiveness of fruit it is necessary to acknowledge crucial influence of building modern irrigation systems and introducing new resistant varieties of fruit. Fruit development in Slovakia is well-founded in terms of production skills and traditions of fruit growing.