The paper reports on the development of characteristics of the burden carried by the productive population in consequence of the demographic ageing of population in the conditions of the higher territorial administrative unit South-East (consisting of two NUTS Ill units — the South Moravian and Vysocina regions) in the past 12 years. Population was divided into age groups and the burden on the productive population was analysed using burden coefficients, age index and coefficients describing the dynamics of burden changes, specifically the inflow, outflow and substitution coefficients. It is stated in the work that there is a gradual deterioration of all coefficient values in accordance with the current trend, which more and more resembles the situation in developed European countries. Both the initial and current situation of most indicators are a bit better in the Vysocina region. However, this region is inhabited by a smaller portion of the unit's population so that indicators of NUTS II correspond more significantly with the situation in the South Moravian region. Over next years there is nothing else to expect than further deterioration of the situation, in which an increase in the burden on the productive population will be (as a result of the expected decrease in the proportion of the pre-productive population) more and more imposed by the post-productive component of the population.