This study examined the economics of poultry egg production under different management systems. The study was conducted in Odeda Local Government Area of Ogun State in 2008. The data were obtained through administration of questionnaire on 60 respondents. The data collected were analysed through a combination of descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, profitability ratios and multiple regression analysis. The study results showed that the Gross Margin under battery cage system per bird / year was N8, 089.56, while the Net Farm Income per bird / year was N1, 773. 17. Under deep litter system, the Gross Margin per bird / year was N1, 404.09, while the Net Farm Income per bird / year was N1,029.43. The regression result showed that educational qualification (α=0.10), total feed used (α=0.05), total labour used (α=0.05), and the stock size (α=0.01), were significant determinants affecting the quantity of egg produced. The study concluded that poultry egg production under battery cage system was economically more profitable. Hence, the study recommended among others that improved inputs, good management practices and sound knowledge about poultry farming and must be acquired and put to effective use to ensure the success of the poultry business.